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初中英语语法24讲第11讲一般现在时K [复制链接]

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第11章动词的一般现在时

be动词是系动词的一种,表示“……是……”。现在时有am,is,are三种,其原形动词都是be,所以把它们称为be动词。行为动词又称为实义动词,其意义完全,可独立用作谓语,如:go(走),make(做)等。由于be动词和行为动词在构成疑问句和否定句时的句型并不相同,因此我们将详细说明这两者的区别。

典型例句:1.Sheismyclassmate.(她是我的同学。)

典型例句:2.HespeaksEnglish.(他说英语。)

1.be动词的一般现在时

be动词常与名词、形容词或其他词类一起表示主语的性质、状态、身份、特点等。be动词的一般现在时有am,is,are三种形式,由主语的人称和数来决定用哪一种。

1.be动词一般现在时的肯定句

句型:主语+be动词的一般现在时(am,is,are)+……

Iamthirteenyearsold.(我13岁。)

Maryisastudent.(玛丽是一名学生。)

Weareclassmates.(我们是同班同学。)

Iamateacher.(我是一个老师。)(接名词)

Sophiaisyoung.(索菲娅很年轻。)(接形容词)

Noraisout.(诺拉不在家。)(接副词)

TheyarefromChina.(他们来自中国。)(接介词短语)

说明:be动词之后可接不同词性的词。

be动词的意义,除了有“……是……”之意,还表示“……在……”。

2.be动词一般现在时的否定句

句型:主语+be动词的一般现在时(am,is,are)+not+……

肯定句:Iamoutgoing.(我性格外向。)否定句:Iamnotoutgoing.(我性格内向。)

缩写式:I’mnotoutgoing.

肯定句:Itisaseed.(它是一颗种子。)否定句:Itisnotaseed.(它不是一颗种子。)

缩写式:Itisn’taseed.

肯定句:Youaresmart.(你很聪明。)否定句:Youarenotsmart.(你不是很聪明。)

缩写式:Youaren’tsmart.

补充:Iamnot...,缩写为I’mnot...。I’m读作[aim]。

isnot缩写为isn’t,读作[znt]。arenot缩写为aren’t,读作[ɑnt]。

缩写记号,要放在被省略的词的上方。

3.be动词一般现在时的一般疑问句

AmIright?(我对吗?)

Issheanurse?(她是一位护士吗?)

AreyoufromAmerica?(你来自美国吗?)

(1)一般疑问句的结构

句型:Be动词的一般现在时(Am/Is/Are)+主语……?

AmIontheguestlist?(我在客人名单里吗?)

IshisfatheranEnglishteacher?(他父亲是一位英语老师吗?)

AreMrs.LiandMarryinasupermarket?(李太太和玛丽在超市吗?)

(2)一般疑问句的回答

在回答由be动词构成的一般疑问句时,要用Yes或者No,句型如下:

肯定回答:Yes,主语+be动词.

否定回答:No,主语+be动词+not.

注意:Yes或No的后面一定要有逗号。逗号后所加的主语不能大写,I(我)除外。

A:Isyourkeyonthetable?(你的钥匙在桌子上吗?)

补充:一般疑问句答句中主语需用代词,yourkey是第三人称单数,回答时要用it指代。

B:Yes,itis.(是的,它在。)

A:AreyouanAustralian?(你是澳大利亚人吗?)

说明:问句中的you(你),回答时改为I(我),I须用大写。

B:No,I’mnot.(不,我不是。)

4.be动词一般现在时的特殊疑问句

Whatisthedatetoday?(今天几月几号?)

Whereareyoufrom?(你来自哪里?)

(1)特殊疑问句的结构

句型:疑问词+be动词+主语+……?

Whatisthis?(这是什么?)

Whatarethey?(他们是干什么的?)

Whoishe?(他是谁?)

切记:疑问词

(2)特殊疑问句的回答

特殊疑问句不能用yes或no来回答。回答时,be动词要视主语的情况而决定用am,is或are。

A:Whatisthetimenow?(现在几点了?)

B:Itisseveno’clock.(7点钟了。)

5.Therebe句型

Thereis(引导词)aschool(真正的主语)there.(地点状语)

(那里有一所学校。)

(1)Therebe句型的用法

Therebe句型表示“某地(场所)有/存在某物”,它的基本用法见下表:

Thereisapineapplethere.(那儿有一个菠萝。)

说明:Therebe中的there不是“那里”的意思。当我们要明确地表达“在那里有……”的意思时,则必须在最后重复使用there。

Thereisstillsomejuiceinthecup.(杯子里还有一些果汁。)

Therearemanyeggsinthekitchen.(厨房里有很多鸡蛋。)

(2)Therebe句型的否定句与疑问句

A.Therebe句型的否定句是在be的后面加not。

Thereisnota
  ()1.There__________ameetingtomorrowafternoon.


  A.willbegoingtoB.willgoingtobeC.isgoingtobeD.willgotobe


  ()2.Charlie________herenextmonth.


  A.isntworkingB.doesntworkingC.isntgoingtoworkingD.wontwork


  ()3.He________verybusythisweek,he________freenextweek.


  A.willbe;isB.is;isC.willbe;willbeD.is;willbe


  ()4.There________adolphinshowinthezootomorrowevening.


  A.wasB.isgoingtohaveC.willhaveD.isgoingtobe


  ()5.-_____you______freetomorrow?-No.I_____freethedayaftertomorrow.


  A.Are;goingto;willB.Are;goingtobe;will
  C.Are;goingto;willbeD.Are;goingtobe;willbe


  ()6.Mother________meanicepresentonmynextbirthday.


  A.willgivesB.willgiveC.givesD.give


  ()7.-ShallIbuyacupofteaforyou?-________.(不,不要。)

A.No,youwont.B.No,youarent.C.No,pleasedont.D.No,please.


  ()8.-Whereisthemorningpaper?-I________ifforyouatonce.


  A.getB.amgettingC.togetD.willget


  ()9.________aconcertnextSaturday?
  

A.TherewillbeB.WilltherebeC.TherecanbeD.Thereare


  ()10.Ifthey
  

A.haveB.willhaveC.hadD.wouldhave


  ()11.He________herabeautifulhatonhernextbirthday.


  A.givesB.gaveC.willgivingD.isgoingtogive


  ()12.He________tousassoonashegetsthere.A.writesB.haswrittenC.willwriteD.wrote


  ()13.He________inthreedays.
  A.
  ()14.Ifit________tomorrow,wellgoroller-skating.


  A.isntrainB.wontrainC.doesntrainD.doesntfine


  ()15.-WillhisparentsgotoseetheTerraCottaWarriorstomorrow?-No,________(不去).


  A.theywillnt.B.theywont.C.theyarent.D.theydont.


  ()16.Who________we________swimmingwithtomorrowafternoon?


  A.will;goB.do;goC.will;goingD.shall;go


  ()17.We________theworkthiswaynexttime.


  A.doB.willdoC.goingtodoD.willdoing


  ()18.Tomorrowhe___akiteintheopenairfirst,andthen____boatinginthepark.


  A.willfly;willgoB.willfly;goesC.isgoingtofly;willgoesD.flies;willgo


  ()19.Thedayaftertomorrowthey________avolleyballmatch.


  A.willwatchingB.watchesC.iswatchingD.aregoingtowatch


  ()20.There________abirthdaypartythisSunday.


  A.shallbeB.willbeC.shallgoingtobeD.willgoingtobe


  ()21.They________anEnglisheveningnextSunday.


  A.arehavingB.aregoingtohaveC.willhavingD.isgoingtohave

()22.___you____freenextSunday?
  

A.Will;areB.Will;beC.Do;beD.Are;be

()23.He______thereattentomorrowmorning.
  

A.willB.isC.willbeD.be


  ()24.________yourbrother________amagazinefromthelibrary?


  A.Are;goingtoborrowB.Is;goingtoborrow 

C.Will;borrowsD.Are;goingtoborrows


  ()25.-ShallI
  A.Yes,pleaseB.Yes,youwill.C.No,please.D.No,youwont.


  ()26.It________theyearofthehorsenextyear.A.isgoingtobeB.isgoingtoC.willbeD.willis


  ()27.________openthewindow? A.WillyoupleaseB.PleasewillyouC.YoupleaseD.Doyou


  ()28.-Letsgoouttoplayfootball,shallwe?-OK.I________.


  A.will
  ()29.It________usalongtimetolearnEnglishwell.


  A.takesB.willtakeC.spendsD.willspend

()30.Thetrain________at11.
  

A.goingtoarriveB.willbearriveC.isgoingtoD.isarriving

二、动词填空

1.I______________(leave)inaminute.I____________(finish)allmyworkbeforeI______(leave).

2.-Howlong___________you_____(study)inourcountry?

3.I______(be)tired.I____________(go)tobedearlytonight.

4.MarysbirthdayisnextMonday,hermother___________(give)herapresent.

5.Itisverycoldthesedays.It____________(snow)soon.

6._____you_____(be)herethisSaturday?
  -No.I____________(visit)myteacher.

7.______I______(get)youacopyoftodaysnewspaper?
  -Thankyou.

8.Iamafraidthere____________(be)ameetingthisafternoon.Icantjoinyou.

9.Mike____________(believe,not)thisuntilhe______(see)itwithhisowneyes.

10.Mostofusdontthinktheirteam____________(win).

11、I_____(plan)tobehereforaboutonemoreyear.

12、I_____(hope)tovisittheotherpartsofyourcountry.

13、What______you______(do)afteryou______(leave)here?

14、I____________(return)homeand______(get)ajob.

一、单项选择

1、Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey_________whatshappenedtohim.

A.knewB.haveknownC.mustknowD.willknow

2、Hehas_______beentoShanghai,hashe?

A.alreadyB.neverC.everD.still

3、HaveyoumetMrLi______?

A.justB.agoC.beforeD.amomentago

4、Thefamouswriter_____onenewbookinthepasttwoyear

A.iswritingB.waswritingC.wroteD.haswritten

5、-Ourcountry______alotsofar.
   -Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.


  A.haschanged;wellB.changed;good
  C.haschanged;betterD.changed;better

6、ZhaoLan______already______inthisschoolfortwoyears.

A.was;studyingB.will;study
  C.has;studiedD.are;studying

7、We______XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.

A.knowB.hadknownC.haveknownD.knew

8、HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I_______ittwice.

A.willseeB.haveseenC.sawD.see

9、-ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.
  

-Really?When_____there?

A.willtheygoB.didtheygo C.dotheygoD.havetheygone

10、-______you___yourhomeworkyet?
  
  

-Yes.I_____itamomentago.

A.Did;do;finishedB.Have;done;finished

C.Have;done;havefinishedD.will;do;finish

11、Hisfather______thePartysince.

A.joinedB.hasjoinedC.wasinD.hasbeenin

12、-Doyouknowhimwell?
  

-Sure.We_________friendssincetenyearsago.

A.wereB.havebeenC.havebe
  
  -Forabouttwomonths.

A.beenB.goneC.
  

C.Howlong,cameD.Howfar,arrived

20、Hisuncle________formorethan9years.

A.has
  

C.haslivedthereD.haslefttheuniversity

二、句型转换

1、Theoldman_____lastyear.He_________forayear.(die)(动词填空)

2、Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.(同义句转换)


  Thisfactory______________fortwentyyears.

3、MissGaoleftanhourago.(同义句转换)

 MissGao_____________________________anhour.

4、HermotherhasbeenaPartymemberforthreeyears.(同义句)


  Hermother_______thePartythreeyears________.

5、TheGreenFamilymovedtoFrancetwoyearsago.(同义句转换)


  _______twoyears________theGreenfamilymovedtoFrance.

6、Thebushasarrivedhere.Itarrivedtenminutesago.(把两个句子合并成一个句子)


  ___________________________________________

三、汉译英。

Jim已经做完了作业。他现在有空了。

__________________________________________________________

他昨天收到了一封信。

__________________________________________________________

我的爸爸以前去过长城。

__________________________________________________________

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