白癜风边上长黑点 http://news.39.net/bjzkhbzy/210620/9084033.htmlacross,through,over和past都有“经过”的意思。但是不同的是，有的是指从开阔、平坦的表面通过；有的是指从狭窄密闭的内部空间“穿过/透过”；也有的是指从上方“越过”；还有的是指从旁边“路过”。
1.across表示一种方向性，有“横穿”、“越过”theriver,thestreet,theroad,thebridge,thehighmountain,thesea,thePacificOcean，“(从一边到另一边横向)通过”或“(呈十字型)穿过”二维空间的意思。
Heswamacrosstheriver.他游过河去。
Pleaselookatthetrafficlightbeforeyougo/(walk)acrosstheroad.横穿马路前要看红绿灯。
SheisthefirstwomantoflyacrosstheAtlantic.她是第一个飞过大西洋的妇女。
Youwon’tbeabletogetacrossthedeepriverunlessthereisaboatatitsedge.这条河很深，你过不去，除非河边有条小船。
选择能够填入空格的正确选项：
(1)Look!Theboyisswimming_____theriver.
A.crossB.through
C.acrossD.over
(2)Thepolicemanhelpedtheoldwoman_____thestreet.
A.throughB.past
C.acrossD.over
(3)Abravegirlisgoingtoswim_____theEnglishChanneltomorrow.
A.throughB.throughout
C.acrossD.cross
(4)----Canaplanefly_____theAtlanticOcean?
----Yes,butitneedstogo_____thecloudsforhours.
A.across;throughB.through;over
C.across;acrossD.over;in
(5)Walk_____thebridgeandyou’llfindthepostoffice.
A.alongB.through
C.acrossD.past
2.through的意思是“通过，贯穿”，指“(从大厅、隧道、森林、城市、村庄、大门、窗户、血管、口腔、鼻腔等狭窄通道或密闭空间)经过”或“(时间、空间上)从一端到另一端”，有“纵向通过”三维空间之意。例如：
Hepassedthroughthehall.他穿过大厅。
Oneday,twomenweregoingthroughaforest.一天，有两个人将要穿过一片森林。
ThestudentswalkedthroughthegateswithUncleWang.同学们和王叔叔一起走过大门。
Lastnightathiefcameinthroughthewindow.昨晚有个小偷从窗户进来。
Theroadrunsthroughthefield.这条路穿过原野。
HeislookingattheNorthStarthroughthewindow.他注视着窗外的北极星。
Theholeistoonarrowforsuchafatbeartogothrough.洞太窄，这么胖的狗熊无法通过。
I’dbetterwalkthroughthefire,thanaroundit.我宁愿穿过一堆货，也不愿绕道而行。
Thefirespreadquicklythroughthethirdfloor.大火很快就蔓延到了三楼。
through还可以表示“(从人群中)穿过”。例如：
Jimshoulderedhiswaythroughthecrowd.Jim侧身从人群中挤过。
through还可用来指抽象意义上的“通过”。例如：
Adetalkedwithsomeforeigngueststhroughaninterpreter.Ade通过翻译同外宾交谈。
Hegothisjobthroughafriend.他通过一个朋友得到了这份工作。
lookuptheinformationthroughtheInternet通过互联网查询信息
温馨提示①acrosstheEnglishChannel的意思是“横穿英吉利海峡”；throughtheEnglishchannel的意思是“通过英语频道”。
②对于grasslands(草原)来说，人马、大型动物、马帮骆驼队等高大的对象好比是在一个平面上通过，所以要说acrossthegrasslands；兔子、田鼠从草原通过被淹没在草丛中，相当于从密闭的空间通过，所以要说throughthegrasslands；而飞机、老鹰或大雁是在草原的上空掠过，所以要说overthegrasslands。
Theharewastremblinglispinglythroughthefrozengrass.那只兔子一瘸一拐地颤抖着穿行在那冰冻的草地里。
③对于村庄(village)城(cit)y镇(town)和树林(forest)而言，人马和队伍从中要用介词through；飞机或鸟群穿上空飞过，要用介词over。
飞机或大雁等从上空通过，Iran要用介词over。
④关于云层(clouds)，飞机从云层之上掠过要说overthecloud，而如果飞机在云中穿行就要说throughtheclouds了。
⑤gate也是个需要留意的名词。throughthegate指的是从大门穿过，overthegate意思是隔着大门(聊天)，而atthegate的意思则是“在大门口”，只表示位置不表示方式。
选择能够填入空格的正确选项：
(1)Theelephantistoobigtogo_____thegate.
A.aroundB.across
C.throughD.in
(2)Don’tdrivesofast!Wemustslowdownwhenwedrive_____thetunnel.
A.pastB.across
C.overD.through
(3)Go_____theforest,andyoucanseeawoodenhousebytheriver.
A.over
B.across
C.on
D.through
(4)Look!Themoonisshining_____thewindowsandeverythingisbeautiful.
A.acrossB.through
C.overD.under
(5)Therivergoes_____thecityfromwesttoeast.
A.acrossB.through
C.byD.over
(6)Samlikestravelling_____thejungle,becausehethinksit’sexciting.
A.overB.under
C.acrossD.through
(7)Theplaneisflying_____theclouds.
A.onB.above
C.overD.through
(8)Theboatispassing_____thebridge.
A.acrossB.through
C.intoD.cross
(9)Theladypushedherway_____thecrowdofpeopletogettoherdaughter.
A.acrossB.onto
C.throughD.along
(10)----Everyonemust_____thesecuritycheckbeforegettingontheplaneattheairport.
----Yes.It’snecessarytoensurethepassengers’safety.
A.getthroughB.getacross
C.gothroughD.goacross
(11)Theentranceistoonarrowforanelephantto_____.
A.gothroughB.goacross
C.jumpoverD.walkby
(12)Whenwedrive_____theRedwoodForestinCalifornia,wewillbe_____treeswhichareover1,yearsold.
A.through,amongB.through,behind
C.across,amongD.across,behind
选择能够填入空格的正确选项：
(1)Itisreallycooltorealizeyourdream_____greateffort.
A.throughB.of
C.tillD.about
(2)Pleaseread_____thewholepassagequicklyandtrytogetageneralideaofit.
A.acrossB.through
C.overD.about
(3)It’s_____“AFuLiaoZhai”thatthewomaninherfiftiesfoundherlonglostfamily.
A.inB.by
C.throughD.across
(4)WhenIwasworkingonamathsproblem,agoodideawent_____myhead.
A.overB.through
C.aboutD.in
(5)Atfirst,Davidfeltasenseofcold_____hisbody.
A.crossB.across
C.byD.through
(6)WhenIwasworried,agoodideawent_____mymind.
A.throughB.across
C.overD.in
3.表达“越过(高山)”、“翻过(大门、墙头)”，“飞跃(上空)”，“跨过(栅栏)”“覆盖(表面)”等“从顶部或上方通过某地”用介词over。over一般都与“高空”相关，多与jump,fly,climb等动词搭配。例如：
Insteadofopeningthegate,weclimbedoverit.我们没有开门，而是从大门上面爬过去。
选择能够填入空格的正确选项：
(1)Theplaneflew_____thecity.
A.acrossB.past
C.throughD.over
(2)Theoldbridge_____theriverdatesfromonehundredyearsago.
A.aboveB.over
C.onD.up
(3)Theyhavetowalk_____8countryparksand_____20hillsandmountains.
A.up;upB.over;over
C.through;overD.along;down
(4)Inordertogotoschool,thechildrenhavetogo_____severalmountainseveryday.
A.throughB.along
C.acrossD.over
4.past的意思是“从某人或某物的旁边经过”，也就是从“某一点”的旁边路过(fromonesidetotheotherofsb./sth.)。
选择cross、across、through或past填空：
(1)Thepoliceran_____thestreetquicklyandcaughtthethief.
(2)Whenthesunshinewent_____thewindowintoherbedroom,shewokeup.
(3)Hewalked_____astore,buthedidn’tenterit.
(4)Thechildrenwalked_____thewoodbridgeonebyonecarefully.
(5)ThePearRiverruns_____ourcity.
(6)Don’t_____thebusystreetwhenthetrafficlightisred.
(7)Pleasebecarefulwhenyougo_____(cross)theroad.
温馨提示要分清cross/across和pass/past
cross是动词，相当于walkacross/goacross;类似地，pass是动词，相当于walkpast或gopast。千万不能说walkpass,gopass,walkcross或gopass。也就是说，walk,go等动词后面只能用介词across，past，而不能再用动词cross或pass。换句话说，如果用了cross或pass，前面就不需要go,walk,swim,run,move这些动词了。
选择能够填入空格的正确选项：
(1)Weshouldnt_____theroadwhenthetrafficlightisred.Itsverydangerous.
A.throughB.cross
C.acrossD.over
(2)Mumtoldherdaughter_____thestreetwhenthetrafficlightisred.
A.gotacrossB.don’tcross
C.nottocrossD.nottoacross
Lookcarefully,rightandthenleftwhenyougo_____theroad.
(3)A.crossB.across
C.throughD.over
(4)Tom,_____boy,swam_____theriveryesterdaymorning.
A.aten-years-old;throughB.tenyearsold;across
C.aten-year-old;acrossD.aten-year-old;cross
(5)Theonlyway_____theriverisbyferry(渡船).Thereisntabridgeformiles.
A.crossB.crossing
C.tocrossD.tocrossing
选择能够填入空格的正确选项：
(1)Whenthemanwalked_____thelibrary,hefoundacatatthecorner.
A.passB.past
C.passedD.passing
(2)----WouldyoupleasetellmethewaytothePacificHotel?
----Go_____thepostoffice,andyouwillfinditontheleft.
A.passB.past
C.topassD.passed
(3)Wewent_____thecoffeeshop_____theRiverSeineyesterday.
A.pass;inB.topast;in
C.past;byD.passed;by
(4)Wendydidntsayhellotomewhenshewalked_____me.
A.passB.across
C.throughD.past
(5)----Excuseme,howcanIgettothepostoffice?
----Goacrossthestreetandturnleft.Walk_____themuseum,andyoullseeit.
A.passedB.past
C.acrossD.over
(6)Ioftenwalk_____thebookshopwhenIgotoschool.
A.passB.past
C.passedD.pasted
(7)Theladysawsomenewclothesinthewindowwhenshewalked_____theshop.
A.pastB.passed
C.pastedD.pass
(8)JessicasaidhellotoMr.Smithwhenshe_____him.
A.passesB.past
C.walkedpassD.walkedpast
(9)Nobuses_____myhometownabouttwentyyearsago.
A.pastB.passed
C.droveD.drovepassed
(答案请见下期文末)
下期预告：借side考察限定词语的命题陷阱(点
